Bursa Uludag University Health Science Institute Medical Biology Doctoral Programme was established in 1992. To date, 11 students have been graduated from this programme. In addition 4 students are still keeping on their training.

Students in this program must take at least 24 and at most 30 credits, at least 8 courses, a seminar and a thesis study in the course and thesis stages. The courses must be completed within 4 semesters. This is followed by a doctoral qualification exam and thesis studies. The duration of the doctoral program, including the course stage, is a total of 8 semesters. When the program is successfully completed and the program qualifications are met, a Doctorate degree in Medical Biology is awarded.

Third Cycle

In order for a student to apply to a doctoral program; Medical Biology/Medical Genetics Master´s degree or Medical School diploma must be obtained. Those who apply with a master´s and undergraduate degree must have the ALES base score determined by the Senate in numerical score types for health sciences. From those who are Faculty of Medicine graduates and apply to basic medical sciences doctoral programs, one of the numerical ALES or TUS documents is requested. Those who apply with a TUS score must have received at least 50 basic medical points. Those who have completed their specialist training are not required to enter ALES or TUS during their applications for doctoral education. They must have received a base score determined by the Senate from one of the languages ??of English, German, French; ÜDS, KPDS, TOEFL or equivalent exams accepted by YÖK. The Senate decides on the equivalence of individual foreign language documents other than these. Foreign candidates are required to have a Turkish proficiency certificate issued by TÖMER and a relevant ALES exam result document or an exam result document from GRE, GMAT and similar exams accepted as equivalent by YÖK at an international level. Candidates must have at least 55 ALES score for doctoral education (ALES score must be at least 70 in the relevant score type for doctoral applications based on undergraduate education), at least 55 ÜDS/KPDS/TOFEL IBT, at least 134 TOFEL CBT, at least 453 TOFEL PBT or an equivalent Foreign Language score for doctoral programs. Foreign Students; A TÖMER Certificate indicating that they know Turkish (except those studying in Turkey), a score equivalent to these scores from an exam whose Foreign Language Scores Equivalence is accepted by YÖK are also accepted. (http://www.yok.gov.tr/content/view/709/266/lang.tr_TR/) Candidates applying for a PhD with a TUS document are required to have at least 50 points in the relevant score type. Candidates with a general success score below 60 points are considered unsuccessful. The evaluation range is 50% for TUS/ALES score, 15% for Foreign Language Score, 15% for Undergraduate/Master´s Grade Point Average, and 20% for Interview score.

The provisions in “Regulation on Transfer among Associate and Undergraduate Degree Programs, Double Major, and Subspecialty and the Principals of Credit Transfer among Institutions in Higher Education Institutions” are applied.

To apply for doctoral program; Master diploma of Medical Biology/Medical Genetics or Faculty of Medicine diploma is required. Numerical ALES score which is determined by Senate is required from applicants with graduate and undergraduate. Score of UDS, KPDS, TOEFL or equivalent examinations accepted by Higher Education Council is required in English, German or French languages for native students and English, German or French languages for foreing students. Foreign languages other than this individual equivalence of documents to the Senate decides. For foreign students, Turkish proficiency certificate from TÖMER and ALES score or GRE, GMAT and other exams score which are considered the equivalent of ALES by Higher Education Council are required.

The Medical Biology Doctoral Programme is aimed at training scientists who have theoretical knowledge that may contribute to the universal science of Molecular Biology and Genetics and who are able to do original research that may contribute to the international science, especially in the field of Cancer Genetics, Molecular Biology and Genetics, and Genotoxicology. In this programme, not only medical biology and medical science but also Molecular Cell Biology, Molecular Biology of Gene, Advanced Analysis Methods and Cancer Genetics as compulsory subjects, and Familial Cancers and Mechanisms, Genotoxicology, Recombinant DNA Technology and Applications, Special Topics in Molecular Biology, The Role of Epigenetic Mechanisms in Cancer Development and Usage of Web-based Programmes to Determine the Significance of Mutations as elective courses are taugh in order to cooperate collaboration with the clinical science.
Graduates of the Medical Biology Doctoral Programme may serve as administrators in higher education institutions, clinics, and laboratories.

8.1

Key Learning Outcomes

1. Contributes to the progress in the field by independently carrying out an original study that brings innovation to the field, develops a new idea, method, design and/or application, or applies a known idea, method, design and/or application to a different field.
2. Performs statistical analysis at a level that can evaluate a scientific article. Expands the boundaries of knowledge in the field by publishing at least one scientific article in national and/or international refereed journals.
3. Can provide leadership in environments that require solving field-related and interdisciplinary problems.
4. Develops new ideas and methods related to the field by using higher-level mental processes such as creative and critical thinking, problem solving and decision making.
5. Follows evidence-based practices and conducts research that will create evidence in his/her field regarding professional practices.
6. He/she applies the principles of advanced professional development and lifelong learning in the field of health in his/her studies.
7. Defends original opinions in discussions on issues in the field with experts and establishes effective communication that demonstrates competence in the field.
8. Communicate and discuss in written, oral and visual form at an advanced level using a foreign language at least at the European Language Portfolio C1 General Level.
9. By introducing scientific, technological, social or cultural advances in the field of health, it contributes to the process of the society in which it lives becoming an information society and sustaining this.
10. Establishes functional interaction by using strategic decision-making processes to solve problems encountered in his/her field.
11. Selects and applies correct statistical methods in studies in the field of health, interprets correctly, analyzes and synthesizes.
12. Uses current developments and information in the field of health for the benefit of society in line with the child, family, national values ??and country realities.

8.2

TYYÇ - Key Learning Outcomes Relationship

Key Learning Outcomes		TYYC-1 KNOWLEDGE (Theoretical - Applied)	TYYC-2 SKILLS (Cognitive - Applied)	TYYC-3 COMPETENCE (Independent Working and Responsibility)	TYYC-4 COMPETENCE (Learning Competence)	TYYC-5 COMPETENCE (Communication and Social Competence)	TYYC-6 COMPETENCE (Field-Specific Competence)
Key Learning Outcomes		1	Contributes to the progress in the field by independently carrying out an original study that brings innovation to the field, develops a new idea, method, design and/or application, or applies a known idea, method, design and/or application to a different field.	1,2		1,2,3		1,2,3
2	Performs statistical analysis at a level that can evaluate a scientific article. Expands the boundaries of knowledge in the field by publishing at least one scientific article in national and/or international refereed journals.	1,2	1,2,3,4
3	Can provide leadership in environments that require solving field-related and interdisciplinary problems.				1	1,2,3	1,2,3
4	Develops new ideas and methods related to the field by using higher-level mental processes such as creative and critical thinking, problem solving and decision making.	1,2	1,2,3,4
5	Follows evidence-based practices and conducts research that will create evidence in his/her field regarding professional practices.	1,2	1,2,3,4
6	He/she applies the principles of advanced professional development and lifelong learning in the field of health in his/her studies.	1,2	1,2,3,4	1,2,3
7	Defends original opinions in discussions on issues in the field with experts and establishes effective communication that demonstrates competence in the field.	1,2	1,2,3,4			1,2,3
8	Communicate and discuss in written, oral and visual form at an advanced level using a foreign language at least at the European Language Portfolio C1 General Level.	1,2				1,2,3
9	By introducing scientific, technological, social or cultural advances in the field of health, it contributes to the process of the society in which it lives becoming an information society and sustaining this.	1,2	1,2,3,4			1,2,3
10	Establishes functional interaction by using strategic decision-making processes to solve problems encountered in his/her field.	1,2	1,2,3,4	1,2,3
11	Selects and applies correct statistical methods in studies in the field of health, interprets correctly, analyzes and synthesizes.	1,2	1,2,3,4			1,2,3	1,2,3
12	Uses current developments and information in the field of health for the benefit of society in line with the child, family, national values ??and country realities.	1,2	1,2,3

8.3

TAY - Key Learning Outcomes Relationship

Key Learning Outcomes		TAY-1 KNOWLEDGE (Theoretical - Applied)	TAY-2 SKILLS (Cognitive - Applied)	TAY-3 COMPETENCE (Independent Working and Responsibility)	TAY-4 COMPETENCE (Learning Competence)	TAY-5 COMPETENCE (Communication and Social Competence)	TAY-6 COMPETENCE (Field-Specific Competence)
Key Learning Outcomes		1	Contributes to the progress in the field by independently carrying out an original study that brings innovation to the field, develops a new idea, method, design and/or application, or applies a known idea, method, design and/or application to a different field.	1,3	1,2,6	1	1
2	Performs statistical analysis at a level that can evaluate a scientific article. Expands the boundaries of knowledge in the field by publishing at least one scientific article in national and/or international refereed journals.	2,5	3	2,3			5
3	Can provide leadership in environments that require solving field-related and interdisciplinary problems.	2	2,4	4		1	4
4	Develops new ideas and methods related to the field by using higher-level mental processes such as creative and critical thinking, problem solving and decision making.		1,6	1	1
5	Follows evidence-based practices and conducts research that will create evidence in his/her field regarding professional practices.	4	1		2		1
6	He/she applies the principles of advanced professional development and lifelong learning in the field of health in his/her studies.		6		2,3
7	Defends original opinions in discussions on issues in the field with experts and establishes effective communication that demonstrates competence in the field.		3,5	4	1,2	2
8	Communicate and discuss in written, oral and visual form at an advanced level using a foreign language at least at the European Language Portfolio C1 General Level.		3,5	3		3
9	By introducing scientific, technological, social or cultural advances in the field of health, it contributes to the process of the society in which it lives becoming an information society and sustaining this.		3,5	1			1,3,6
10	Establishes functional interaction by using strategic decision-making processes to solve problems encountered in his/her field.		1,4,5				2
11	Selects and applies correct statistical methods in studies in the field of health, interprets correctly, analyzes and synthesizes.	5	6	2	2		5
12	Uses current developments and information in the field of health for the benefit of society in line with the child, family, national values ??and country realities.	4				1	1,3,6

They can serve as an expert in Medical Biology Department of Universities. They can work in drug companies. They can take part in Cytogenetic, Molecular Biology and Genetics Laboratories. Graduates may be employed in various R & D laboratories.

Candidates who successfully complete their doctoral education can continue their academic education provided that they receive a passing grade from the ALES exam and have sufficient knowledge of a foreign language.

The exams for the courses can be written, written-oral or practical. The exam documents and results are sent to the relevant institute via the department head within seven days. The principles regarding the determination of course success are as follows: a) In order to take the exams for the courses taken in postgraduate programs; 70% attendance is required for theoretical courses and 80% attendance is required for practical courses. Exams are evaluated with scores given out of 100. In order to be successful, a minimum score of 75 out of 100 is required in doctoral qualification programs. The letter grade and coefficient equivalents of the scores received out of 100 are as follows: Letter Grade Coefficient Score AA 4.00 90-100 BA 3.50 85-89 BB 3.00 80-84 CB 2.50 75-79 CC 2.00 70-74 DC 1.50 65-69 DD 1.00 60-64 FD 0.50 50-59 FF 0 0-49 b) In the evaluation of the scores received out of 100 with letter grades within the framework of the above principles; students who receive AA, BA, BB and CB grades in the doctoral program are considered to have passed that course. c) In addition to the letter grades above, the following letters can also be used: 1) D (Non-Attended) grade; is given to students who do not fulfill the conditions and requirements related to the attendance obligation and/or course practices. D is recorded as FF in the calculation of the grade point average. 2) S (Work in Progress) grade is given to students who successfully continue their thesis. 3) E (Incomplete) grade is given to students who do not fulfill the obligations of the end-of-term exam, seminar, laboratory, homework and similar obligations due to illness or a reason acceptable to the relevant institute board of directors, provided that the prerequisites of the relevant course are met. Students who receive an E grade must complete their deficiencies within fifteen days from the submission of their grades to the institute. However, if the excuse is prolonged, the incomplete completion period may be extended until the next registration period by the decision of the institute board of directors. Otherwise, the E grade is converted to a K or FF grade. 4) G (Pass) grade is given to students who successfully complete non-credit courses and thesis studies. 5) M (Exempt) grade is given to students who successfully complete non-credit courses and thesis studies. It is the grade given upon the application of a student who has completed the adaptation process through horizontal transfer, upon the approval of the institute´s board of directors upon the equivalence recommendation determined by the department head of the course he/she took and passed at the previous educational institution. An M grade is not given to a student who transfers from another postgraduate educational institution and will repeat the course in accordance with this Regulation. The M grade is not included in the semester averages. 6) K (Fail) grade is given to a student who is unsuccessful in non-credit courses and thesis work. ç) In postgraduate programs; a student who fails in the exam of any course can take the exams to be held at the end of the semester even if that course is not opened in the following term. A student who fails in this exam, is considered unsuccessful due to absenteeism or does not fulfill the prerequisites of the relevant course repeats the course in the term it is opened. In the event that the course is not opened or is removed from the program, an equivalent course is determined instead of that course with the proposal of the relevant department head and the decision of the board of directors. In this case, the student is responsible for the equivalent course instead of the course he/she failed and had to repeat. d) Exam results, exam documents and protocols of courses in postgraduate programs are sent to the relevant institute via department heads within seven days following the completion of the exams. e) The adjustment of grades of courses taken by students who benefit from national or international exchange programs such as Erasmus and Farabi is made with the proposal of the department head and the decision of the institute´s board of directors. These grades are recorded in the student´s transcript. Course success average (1) The student´s success status is determined by the semester academic grade average (GANO) and general academic grade average (GANO) calculated on the coefficients given as letter grade equivalents in the table in Article 22 of this Regulation at the end of each semester. GANO is the weighted grade average of the semester in which the student is registered. GANO is the weighted grade average calculated at the end of the course period by taking into account all courses in the course program of the department in which the student is registered, starting from the student´s entry to the postgraduate program. (2) YANO and GANO are calculated using weighted grade point averages. Weighted grade point average is calculated by multiplying the credits of the courses taken by the weight coefficients equivalent to the letter grades received from the courses, and dividing the total credits. Weighted grade point average is calculated with two digits after the decimal point. (3) Both YANO and GANO are determined by including the grades (AA) to (FF) received by the student from credit courses in the evaluation. (4) All grades received by the student are recorded in the grade log.

The thesis to be prepared as a result of the doctoral study must provide one of the qualities of bringing innovation to science, developing a new scientific method, applying a known method to a new field and a full-text original article related to the thesis topic or department/branch of science must be published in one of the journals included in international indexes. It is not necessary for the doctoral student to be the first name in these publications. The publication of the candidate who will take the doctoral thesis defense exam must be from his/her doctoral thesis or the branch of science in which he/she has prepared his/her thesis. The doctoral program; For students with a master´s degree, it consists of at least eight courses with a total of not less than 24 credits and not more than 30 credits, one seminar each in the course and thesis stages, a proficiency exam, a thesis proposal, a thesis study, a thesis exam and the publications specified in the second paragraph of Article 44 of this Regulation.

Full-Time

Prof. Dr. Ünal EGELİ
Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi
Tıbbi Biyoloji Anabilim Dalı
Bursa

Notion of Medical Biology Department in formative phase was giving Medical Biology and Genetics lectures to students. However, since establishment of Medical Genetics, Molecular Genetics, FISH, Cancer Genetics and Prenatal Diagnosis Laboratories in 1996, department began to give routine patient service and international reseachers have been performed. With the establishment of Department of Medical Genetics in 2003, Cancer Genetics, Tissue Culture and Molecular Cytogenetics Laboratories reorganized and our researches mostly focused on Molecular Cancer Genetics. In 2009, Cancer Genetics, Molecular Genetics and Gene Expression Laboratories reorganized and since than 134 parameter of routine genetic analysis have been performed in these laboratories.
Currently, 3 faculty members, 2 professors, 1 associated professor, and a research assistant PhD student, 4 master students, a biologist and a laboratory technician are working.