COURSE SYLLABUS

BYZANTINE ARCHITECTURE II

1	Course Title:	BYZANTINE ARCHITECTURE II
2	Course Code:	SAT2012
3	Type of Course:	Compulsory
4	Level of Course:	First Cycle
5	Year of Study:	2
6	Semester:	4
7	ECTS Credits Allocated:	4
8	Theoretical (hour/week):	2
9	Practice (hour/week) :	0
10	Laboratory (hour/week) :	0
11	Prerequisites:	None
12	Recommended optional programme components:	None
13	Language:	Turkish
14	Mode of Delivery:	Face to face
15	Course Coordinator:	Araş.Gör.Dr. ERKAN KAYA
16	Course Lecturers:
17	Contactinformation of the Course Coordinator:	Dr. Erkan KAYA erkankaya@uludag.edu.tr Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Fen Edebiyat Fakültesi Sanat Tarihi Bölümü Bizans Sanatı ABD. 16059 Görükle Kampüsü Nilüfer/BURSA
18	Website:
19	Objective of the Course:	This course aims to examine the development of Byzantine architecture starting from the 6th century and its structural and artistic characteristics up to the 15th century. Students will acquire the skills to analyze works from the period by understanding the cultural, religious, and technological contexts of Byzantine architecture.
20	Contribution of the Course to Professional Development	The Byzantine architecture course significantly contributes to students' professional development by enabling them to gain in-depth academic knowledge in art history, particularly in the context of Byzantine history, Byzantine architecture, and the interaction between Greek, Roman, and Byzantine cultures. This course equips students with analytical thinking, historical perspective, and technical skills essential for evaluating Byzantine culture and architecture. Additionally, it enhances their ability to relate historical architectural techniques to modern approaches, fostering creative and critical thinking skills. Ultimately, this course provides a comprehensive understanding of the Byzantine Empire's over 1,200-year historical process from cultural, architectural, and artistic perspectives.

Learning Outcomes:

1	Understanding the Historical and Cultural Context of Byzantine Architecture: Students will analyze the historical, religious, and political contexts of Byzantine architecture and comprehend their impact on architectural development.;
2	Identifying the Characteristics of Byzantine Architecture by Periods: Students will learn the architectural features, innovations, and transformations of Early, Middle, and Late Byzantine periods.;
3	Analyzing Byzantine Structures and Plan Typologies: Students will evaluate the plan typologies and construction techniques of Byzantine structures built in different regions, such as Constantinople, Anatolia, Greece, Italy, and the Balkans.;
4	Assessing the Impact of Imperial Eras on Architecture: Students will examine how social, cultural, and religious factors during the reigns of emperors like Justinian I influenced Byzantine architecture.;
5	Understanding the Artistic and Technological Aspects of Byzantine Architecture: Students will identify the structural techniques, decorative elements, and artistic details in Byzantine architecture.;
6	Examining the Impact of the Iconoclast Era on Architecture: Students will learn the historical and cultural background of the Iconoclast period and analyze its effects on architectural design and ornamentation.;
7	Explaining Architectural Changes During the Dark Ages: Students will evaluate the processes of stagnation, transformation, and interaction in Byzantine architecture during the so-called Dark Ages of the empire.;
8	Analyzing the Interaction of Byzantine Architecture with Surrounding Cultures: Students will understand the influence of Byzantine architecture on Georgian, Armenian, Russian, and other neighboring cultures, as well as its interactions with them.;
9	Comparing Byzantine Architecture with Early Christian Architecture: Students will compare Byzantine architecture with Early Christian architecture to identify elements of continuity and change.;
10	Developing Academic Research and Interpretation Skills on Byzantine Architecture: Students will acquire the ability to conduct research and critically interpret academic resources and structural analyses related to Byzantine architecture.;

22	Course Content:

Week	Theoretical	Practical
1	Week 1: Byzantine Architecture in the 6th Century and Its Historical Context • Overview of the first six centuries of Early Christian and Byzantine architecture • The influence of the reigns of Constantine I and Theodosius I on the 6th century • Religious, political, and military conditions in the 6th century
2	Week 2: The Social Context of Justinian I’s Era and Its Impact on Religious Architecture • Primary sources from the era of Justinian I • Historical background of Justinian I’s reign • Culture and social life during Justinian I’s period • Social conditions and their impact on religious architecture during Justinian I’s reign • Architectural activities during Justinian I’s era • General features and development of architecture under Justinian I
3	Week 3: Byzantine Architecture During the Reign of Justinian I (527–565) • Architecture of Constantinople during Justinian I’s reign • Architecture of Anatolia during Justinian I’s reign • Architecture of Greece during Justinian I’s reign • Architectural activities in Italy and its surroundings during Justinian I’s reign • Architecture in Syria during Justinian I’s reign • Evaluation of construction activities outside the capital during Justinian I’s era
4	Week 4: The Transition from Early Byzantine to Middle Byzantine Architecture (565–741) • The reigns of Justin II, Tiberius Constantine, Maurice, and Phocas (565–610) • The reigns of Heraclius, Constantine III, Heraklonas, Constans II, Constantine IV, Justinian II, Leontius, Tiberius II, Philippicus, Anastasius II, Theodosius III, and Leo III (610–741)
5	Week 5: The Dark Ages in the Byzantine Empire (565–867) • Foundations and analysis of the concept of the "Dark Ages" • Causal approaches to the Dark Ages, their background, and developmental processes • The formation, transformation, and interaction processes of Byzantine architecture during the Dark Ages
6	Week 6: The Dark Ages in the Byzantine Empire (565–867) • Byzantine architecture during the Dark Ages • Byzantine architecture in Constantinople, Anatolia, Greece, and Italy during the Dark Ages • Armenian churches and their plan typologies • General analysis and architectural comparison of the Dark Ages
7	Week 7: Culture, Art, and Architecture During the Iconoclast Period (726–842) • Background and formation of the Iconoclast period • Effects of the Iconoclast period on architecture • Architectural activities during the Iconoclast period
8	Week 8: Middle Byzantine Architecture (842–1204) • The influence of the Iconoclast period on the 9th and 10th centuries • Introduction to the Middle Byzantine period and its historical background • Architectural innovations in the Middle Byzantine period • Comparative analysis of Byzantine architectural plan typologies with the Early Byzantine period
9	Week 9: Middle Byzantine Architecture (842–1204) • The Macedonian Dynasty (867–1056) • Byzantine architecture in Constantinople and Anatolia • Examples of structures and plan typologies in Constantinople and Anatolia • Byzantine architecture in Greece, Italy, and the Balkans • Examples of structures and plan typologies in Greece, Italy, and the Balkans
10	Week 10: Middle Byzantine Architecture (842–1204) • The Komnenos Dynasty (1056–1204) • Byzantine architecture in Constantinople and Anatolia • Examples of structures and plan typologies in Constantinople and Anatolia • Byzantine architecture in Greece, Italy, and the Balkans • Examples of structures and plan typologies in Greece, Italy, and the Balkans
11	Week 11: Late Byzantine Architecture (1204–1453) • The Latin Occupation (1204–1261) • Byzantine architecture during the Palaiologos period (1261–1453) • Architectural traditions and plan typologies of the period
12	Week 12: Late Byzantine Architecture (1204–1453) • Religious architecture during the Late Byzantine period • Architectural traditions and plan typologies of the period
13	Week 13: The Influence of Byzantine Architecture on Surrounding Cultures • Influence on Greece and Italy • Influence on the Balkans and Russia • Interaction with other cultures
14	Week 14: The Influence of Byzantine Architecture on Surrounding Cultures • Influence on Georgian architecture • Influence on Armenian architecture • Interaction with other cultures

23	Textbooks, References and/or Other Materials:	• Mango, C. (1976). Byzantine architecture. Harry N. Abrams. • Krautheimer, R. (1986). Early Christian and Byzantine architecture (4th ed.). Yale University Press. • Mathews, T. F. (1998). The art of Byzantium: Between antiquity and the Renaissance. Princeton University Press. • Ousterhout, R. (2019). Eastern medieval architecture: The building traditions of Byzantium and neighboring lands. Oxford University Press. • Curcic, S. (2010). Architecture in the Balkans: From Diocletian to Süleyman the Magnificent, c. 300–1500. Yale University Press. • Magdalino, P. (2000). The empire of Manuel I Komnenos, 1143–1180. Cambridge University Press. • Cormack, R. (2000). Writing in gold: Byzantine society and its icons. Oxford University Press. • Demangel, R., & Mamboury, E. (1939). Le quartier des Manganes et la première région de Constantinople. Institut Français d’Études Byzantines. • Diehl, C. (1906). Byzantine art and architecture. Putnam. • Mathews, T. F. (1971). The Byzantine churches of Istanbul: A photographic survey. Pennsylvania State University Press. • Mango, C. (1976). The Art of the Byzantine Empire, 312-1453: Sources and Documents. Prentice-Hall. • Ousterhout, R. (2008). Master Builders of Byzantium. University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology. • Harrison, M. (1989). A Temple for Byzantium: The Discovery and Excavation of Anicia Juliana's Palace Church in Istanbul. University of Texas Press. • Stephenson, P. (2010). The Byzantine World. Routledge. • Mainstone, R. J. (1988). Hagia Sophia: Architecture, Structure, and Liturgy of Justinian's Great Church. Thames & Hudson. • Bury, J. B. (1923). A History of the Eastern Roman Empire from the Fall of Irene to the Accession of Basil I (A.D. 802-867). Macmillan.
24	Assesment

TERM LEARNING ACTIVITIES	NUMBER	PERCENT
Midterm Exam	1	40
Quiz	0	0
Homeworks, Performances	0	0
Final Exam	1	60
Total	2	100
Contribution of Term (Year) Learning Activities to Success Grade		40
Contribution of Final Exam to Success Grade		60
Total		100
Measurement and Evaluation Techniques Used in the Course	The academic values imparted to students within the scope of the course learning outcomes are measured through midterm and final exams. Questions designed to assess students' abilities to apply, interpret, and evaluate the academic knowledge they have acquired are prepared using measurement and assessment methods within the framework of pedagogical training, ensuring a measurable and verifiable evaluation process.
Information

ECTS / WORK LOAD TABLE

Activites	NUMBER	TIME [Hour]	Total WorkLoad [Hour]
Theoretical	14	3	42
Practicals/Labs	0	0	0
Self Study and Preparation	14	2	28
Homeworks, Performances	0	0	0
Projects	0	0	0
Field Studies	0	0	0
Midtermexams	1	25	25
Others	0	0	0
Final Exams	1	25	25
Total WorkLoad			145
Total workload/ 30 hr			4
ECTS Credit of the Course			4

CONTRIBUTION OF LEARNING OUTCOMES TO PROGRAMME QUALIFICATIONS

	PQ1	PQ2	PQ3	PQ4	PQ5	PQ6	PQ7	PQ8	PQ9	PQ10	PQ11	PQ12
LO1	5	4	4	4	5	4	4	5	5	5	5	4
LO2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
LO3	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
LO4	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
LO5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	4	0	0
LO6	0	0	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
LO7	5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
LO8	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	4
LO9	0	0	0	0	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
LO10	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0

LO: Learning Objectives

PQ: Program Qualifications

Contribution Level:

1 Very Low

2 Low

3 Medium

4 High

5 Very High