| Week |
Theoretical |
Practical |
| 1 |
Introduction to the Course and Milestones of Genetics; Mendelian Genetics:
The chromosomal basis of inheritance, Mendel’s principles of segregation, and independent assortment, monohybrid, dihybrid and trihybrid crosses.
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| 2 |
Variations on Mendelian Inheritance I:
Genetic deviations from Mendelian principles, and examples of non-Mendelian inheritance; like incomplete dominance, co-dominance, gene interactions, and type of epistasis. |
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| 3 |
Exceptions on Mendelian Genetics II:
Examination of other examples for the mode of non-Mendelian inheritance, like pleiotropy, multiple alleles, polygenic inheritance, essential genes, lethal alleles, penetrance, environmental effects, and genetic heterogeneity. |
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| 4 |
Sex Linked Inheritance:
Sex determination in different species, sex linkage, X chromosome Inactivation, dosage compensation, cytoplasmic inheritance, genetic maternal effect, sex-influenced characteristics and pedigree analysis. |
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| 5 |
Linkage and Chromosomal Mapping:
Linkage and recombination, crossing over, chromosome theory, a genetic map of the Drosophila melanogaster, linkage mapping in dihybrid and trihybrid cross by recombination frequencies between genes, interference, and coefficient of coincidence. |
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| 6 |
Identifying DNA and RNA as the Genetic Material:
Search for genetic material; the discovery of DNA by Griffith’s Transformation Experiment, Avery, MacLeod and McCarty’s experiments, Hershey-Chase bacteriophage experiment, and a discovery of RNA by Tobacco Mosaic Virus (TMV) experiment. |
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| 7 |
The Structure and Analysis of DNA and RNA:
Structure of nucleic acid, properties of pyrimidines and purines, the anatomy of DNA, a discovery of the structure of DNA, the DNA double helix as Watson and Crick model, polymorphism of DNA, structural features of DNA and a structure of RNA. |
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| 8 |
DNA Packing in Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Chromosomes:
DNA condensation, DNA supercoiling, nucleosomes, eukaryotic chromosomal organization, a structure of chromatin, chromosome folding, DNA packing.
Gene Expression and Regulation:
Repressible vs. inducible operon systems; Lac Operon and Tryptophan Operons in E. coli. |
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| 9 |
DNA Replication in Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes:
Models for DNA replication, Meselson-Stahl experiment, a mechanism of DNA replication in prokaryotes, replication of DNA in eukaryotes, enzymes required for replication, directionality of synthesis in DNA strands, DNA repair system, editing, and proofreading of DNA. |
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| 10 |
The Central Dogma; Transcription, Translation and Protein Synthesis:
Defining central dogma of molecular biology, transcription, RNA processing, genetic code, wobble base pairing, translation, protein synthesis, the structure of amino acid, principles of polarity in amino acid. |
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| 11 |
The Genetic Mutations:
Cause of mutation, types of mutations; spontaneous mutations, single base substitution and frameshift mutations, chromosomal disorders, nondisjunction in autosomal chromosomes, trisomies, nondisjunction of X chromosomes and induced mutations
Genetic Transfer in Bacteria:
Transformation, transduction, and conjugation, plasmid structure in bacteria. |
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| 12 |
Recombinant DNA Technology:
Type of vectors, techniques of recombinant DNA technology; electroporation, protoplast fusion, and injection: gene gun and microinjection. |
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| 13 |
DNA Sequencing Techniques:
Basic methods for sequencing; Maxam-Gilbert and Sanger methods, Whole genome sequencing and New DNA sequencing methods |
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| 14 |
Basic Molecular Techniques:
Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) and Its Steps and Application; Gel Electrophoresis System, Restriction Edonuclease; RFLP, AFLP, RAPD, Microsatellite and SNP Marker Analyzes, Microarray System and Marker Assisted Selection and Use of markers in Livestock. |
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