| Week |
Theoretical |
Practical |
| 1 |
Introduction to immunology, the body’s defenses, innate immunity, acquired immunity, antigen, the factors that influence antigenicity, main antigenic molecules, microbial and non-microbial antigens |
To introduce basic instruments, biological and chemical solutions, reagents used in serological tests |
| 2 |
The cells of the immune system (myeloid system, macrophage, lymphocyte), receptor proteins on their surface and their roles for immune response |
Blood sampling, collection of serum, serum preparation from plasma and using for serological tests |
| 3 |
Primary and secondary lymphoid organs of the immune system, their structures and functions |
Mechanisms of serological reactions |
| 4 |
Immunoglobulins (antibodies), their structures, classes and functions, immunoglobulin variants, immunoglobulins of domestic animals, immunoglobulins serving as B-cell receptor |
Dilutions in different proportions (1/2,1/5, 1/10), titration of antibody or antigen |
| 5 |
Phagocytes, phagocytosis in macrophages and neutrophils, their importance for immune response |
Precipitation tests; the use of gel diffusion technique in determining the relationship of two antigens, the use of agar-gel precipitation test in diagnosis of infections, assessment of results |
| 6 |
MHC (the antigen-presenting receptors), the need for antigen processing, antigen-processing cells, processing of exogenous and endogenous antigens |
Agglutination tests; the use of slide agglutination tests in diagnosis of infectious diseases and bacterial identification, assessment of results |
| 7 |
Antibody-mediated immune response, the induction of antibody synthesis, B cell response, plasma cells, memory cells, interactions between B cells and T cells |
Agglutination tests; the use of tube agglutination test in diagnosis of infectious diseases, assessment of results |
| 8 |
Cell-mediated immune response, T cell cytotoxicity, apoptosis, natural killer cell cytotoxicity, macrophage activation in cell-mediated immune response |
Preparing and using red cell suspension for hemagglutination tests |
| 9 |
Immunological tolerance (self tolerance and tolerance to foreign molecules) and introduction to mucosal immunity |
Hemagglutination tests and detection of virus hemagglutination titer |
| 10 |
Importance of immunoglobulins (IgA and IgE) for mucosal immunity, immunity on specific surface (gastrointestinal tract, mammary gland, urogenital tract, respiratory tract and skin) |
The use hemagglutination-inhibition tests in diagnosis of infectious diseases and titration of antibody level after vaccination, assessment of results |
| 11 |
Development of the immune system in mammalian fetuses, immune response of newborn animals, transfer of immunity via placenta, transfer of immunity from mother to offspring |
Other primary binding tests (Complement fixation and Coombs test) |
| 12 |
Bacterial antigens, resistance to bacteria, immunological defense mechanisms for bacterial infections, bacterial subversion of host defenses |
Primary binding test (ELISA, immunofluorescence assays, RIA) |
| 13 |
Viral antigens, resistance to viruses, immunological defense mechanisms for viral infections, viral subversion of host defenses |
Assesment and evaluation of serological test results for diagnosis of infectious diseases and titration of antibody level after vaccination |
| 14 |
Hypersensitivity reactions, types of hypersensitivity and their mechanisms, autoimmunity and pathogenesis of autoimmunity |
Vaccination and vaccines; passive immunization, active immunization, administration of vaccines |
| 23 |
Textbooks, References and/or Other Materials: |
Abbas AK, Lichtman AH,; Basic Immunology, Functions and Disorders of the Immune System, Saunders Comp., Philadelphia, 2004
Diker S,; İmmunoloji, Medisan Yayınevi, Ankara, 2005
Parham,P.; The Immune System, Second Edition, Garland Science, 2005.
Playfair,J., Bancroft,G.; Infection and Immunity, Third Edition, Oxford Univ. Press, 2008.
Pier, G.B., Lyczak, J.B., Wetzler, L.M.; Immunology, Infection and Immunity, ASM Press, 2004.
Tizard, I.R.; Veterinary Immunoolgy An Introduction, Sixth Edition, W.B. Saunders Elsevier, 2009.
Todd I, Spickett G,; Immunology, Lecture Notes, Blackwell Publishing, 2005
Sen A., Serology Laboratory Practical Notes, University of Bursa Uludağ Publishing, 2018
Sen A.,Veterinary Immunology, Second Edition, Dora Publishing, Bursa, 2019
|
| 24 |
Assesment |
|
